Heat-regulator.



H. C. MALLORY.

HEAT REGULATOR.

' y vAPPLlcMfloN FILED MAR14. 1915. 1,274,066. Patented July 30,1918,

\\ wf l 'b/jn VAVN Zl//wwesses UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIcE.

HARRY C. MALLORY, 0F' IBELLPORT, NEW YORK.

HEAT-REGULATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 3o, 191s.

Application led March 4, 1915. Serial No. 12,000. 4

To all whom t maycoaoem:

Be it known that I, HARRY C. MALLORY, a

citizen of the United States, residing at i Bellport in the v county of-Suifolk and State ef New York, have invented Acertain new and usefulImprovements in Heat-Regulators, of which the following is a full, clearand exact specification.

This invention relates to improvements in temperature regulators, andhas particular reference to an improved apparatus whereby electric poweris positively applied and con' -trolled for operating valves whichinturn cated, expensiveto install, and also require duced and atl the sametime the apparatus isv l statically operated valve.

constant attention after installation in order to kee in operativecondition. One source of di culty is the restricted air sage in thethermostat, which must be ept free from dirt and in proper adjustment,4

and frequent attention 1s required for this purpose. Other automaticheat controlling systems have employed electromagnetically operatedvalves, but such systems have been found complicated and expensive andare not economical in consumption of current.'

By the present invention, the original cost of the apparatus `andinstallation is releffective without the *necessity of frequentAinspection or` adjustments. shown, in the accompanying drawings,

wherein Figure 1 is a cross-section of the control-l lingthermostat,'and

Fig.. 2 is a cross-section of the thermo- -1 represents a boss on theend section of'la steam radiator and containing a steam chamber` 2, asteam inlet 3 and steam outlet 4;.romf the steam chamber 2. 5 is avalve' seat, 6 a valve disk of `composition material carried by a valvestem 7 andfastene'l by nut 8. .The valve stem 7 is pressed around thevbottom convolution of a flexible metal bellows 9, which is stifened atthe valve.

end by means of the'disklO. The other end of the bellows 9 is pressedinto a groove 12 uch pneumatic systems. are` compl1- One form is lcarried by a shell 13, and an interior shell 11l is also pressed' intothe groove 12 ofV shell 13. The joint maybe either hermetically sealedby solder or `brazed so that the interior space between shell 11 and theinterior bellows 9 can be filled with a volatile fluid, so as to form aHuid pressure thermostat. The shell 13 is screwed into the boss 1 asshown and its inner end also forms a guide for the valve stem 7. Insideshell 11 is' an electric heater 15 which is mounted on an insulatingbase 17. The insulating base 17 is bolted to an insulating base 18 by abolt 19, and the'base 18 carries the binding posts 20, 21, which areelectrically connected with the resistance coils inside the heater 15.

From the binding post 20, wire 22 leads to a moving switch terminal 27,and wire 23 may be connected with negative side of the supply line 28.The current is led from the positive side of the "line 28,through wire29 to contact post 30 'in wall box 31, which will 'be at some desiredplace inthe room where the temperature is to 'be regulated. It will lbeseen that in theposition' shown the 4circuit is normally completethrough movable switch 27 and stationary Contact post 30,

thus energizing the 'electric heater'15, caus-- ing' the bellows 9 toexpand' and closethe ksteam valve 6. )The wall box 31 carries a secondbellows 33 which has an interior s hell 34 similar to shell 11, and thebellows 3 3 and shell 34 are j secured to a stationary head 35 "carryingrods 36. The -rods 36 carry ahead 37 to which is attached throughinsulation 38 the movable contact'27. vThe bellows '33 and shellA 34 aresealed similarly 4tc bellws 9 and. shell 11 and also contain'a vlatileHuid. The. bellows 33 also has' a st iifening disk 39 similar to disk10, and is similarly attached to movable head 37. 41

is a spring which normally forms a resist# ance against which thethermostat 33 operates, which resistance is adjustable by means of avscrew 45. l

In the position shown, the circuit of the electric heater is complete,and the heat has been sufficient to close the steam valve 6. Thetemperature in the room then falls, causing the volatile fluid inbellows 33 to condense, `because this bellows was charged under apartial vacuum. The external air. 4 -pressure then being greater thanthe partial vacuum` within the bellows 33, the latter is collapsed, andmoves the contact 27 so as to open the circuit of the electric heater.Thisl I am familiar, operate.

ture which alone is not suflicient to closey the" V valve, but whichonly requires a slight advditional heat from the electric heater 15 toclose Vthe valve. Thus, there is much less work for the heater 15 to doin order to close the valve and consequently there will be a saving ofcurrent.

It will be understood that different fluids having dilferent boilingpoints may be used in the two bellows 9 and 33.

These devices can be made very sensitive, and are especially adapted forcontrolling an electric circuit, owing to the relatively largev movementproduced by' a .comparatively small temperature ichangel. It is possibleto cause these devices to opcrate reliably within a variation of onedegree of room temperature, which is much closer than prior devices ofeither the pneumatic or electromagnetic type, with which It will be seenthat the spring 41 can be adjusted so as to more or less balance thepressure of the lluid within bellows 33, it being seen that theexpansion of spring 41 tends to collapse the thermostat bellows 33.Thus, any desired sensitiveness of bellows 33 can be obtained bybalancing the vapor pressure of the fluid within ythe bellows 33 againstthe exterior atmospheric pressure assisted by the spring 41. Inasmuch asthe bellows 33 is subject to ordinary heat fluctuations, it may beconsidered as a primary thermostatic controller, and the bellows 9 maybe considered as a secondary thermostatic controller which controls thevalve, but which is itself controlled by the fluctuations of the primarythermostatic controllelz The threaded shell 13 adapted to vcarry thebellows 9, the interior shell 11, y'and thel electric heater 15,comprise a thermostatic valve unit which is capable of being attachedtop'ractically any of the standard radiator sections now in common use.This lunit can be sold separately for attachment to the radiators ofVexisting systems, and can be assembled and sold ready to be attached bysimply screwingfit into the boss and properly adjusting the valve withthe valve seat. For this purpose, the interior of the radiator canreadily be provided with a valve seat 5, or one can be supplied with theunit. Thereby, the entire device can be installed without requiringexpensive fittings or attachments, or require special radiatorconstruction. As herein shown, the supporting shell 13 is extended sothat it forms a guide for the movable valve stem ferred application, butin addition to being useful for controlling the flow of fluids accordingto temperature variations, itv has various other uses within the scopeof the yappended claims, and4 of course various modications and changesin `the specific details herein'shown may be made without departingtherefrom.

Having thus described my invention, I

declare that what I claim as new and de-` sire to secure by LettersPatent, is

1. `The combination with a primary circuit controller, of an electriccircuit, a secondary' heat actuated controller, means for maintainingsaid secondary heat actuated controller at a normal elevated tematedcontroller, means for maintaining said' secondary heat actuatedcontroller at a nor- Inal elevated temperature, a heater in saidelectric circuit for raising the normal temperature of said secondaryheat controller `to a higher degree, and a device adapted to be' movedto one position when said secondary controller is normally heated and toanother position when abnormally heated. 3. The combination in atemperature controlling system, of an electric circuit, a primarycircuit controller therein, a fluid circulating passage, a controllertherefor normally controlled by the fluid temperature in said passage,and a heater in said circuit for raising the normal temperature of saidcontroller above the normal fluid temperature for moving said controllerto another position.

4. The combination in a temperature controlling system, of a fluidpassage containing a valve, a thermostat in the supply side of saidpassage for actuating said valve, said thermostat when subjected to thenormal fluid temperature holding the valve in one position, and meansfor raising the temperature of said thermostat above the normal fluidtemperature to move said valve to its opposite position.

5. The combination with a source of fluid supply, of a radiator orthelike to be supplied thereby, a controlling valve for the luid supplythereto, a thermostat on the supply side and subject to thelfluid-temperature, for operating said valve in one direction, and meansfor additionally heating said thermostat to move said valve in theopposite direction.

6. The combination with a source of fluid supply, of a radiator or thelike to be supplied thereby, a controlling valve for'` the fluid supplythereto, a thermostat on the supply side and subject to the fluidtemperature, for operating said valve in one direction, andthermostatically controlled means for additionally heating saidthermostat to move saidvalve in the opposite direction.

7 The combination with a source offluid supply, of a radiator or thelike to be supplied thereby, a controlling valve for the` fluid supplythereto, a thermostat for opening said valve when subjectedto the supplyfluid temperature, an auxiliary electric heater for said thermostat, asecond thermostat located at a distance from said valve, a switchcontrolled by said second thermostat, and an electric circuit betweensaid heater and said switch for controlling said valve.

8. The combination in a temperature controlling system, of a fluidpassage containing a valve, a thermostat in the supply side of saidpassage for actuating said valve, said thermostat when subjected to thenormal fluid temperature .holding the valve in one position, and meanscontrolled by a distant temperature for raising the temperature of saidthermostat above the normal fluid temperature to move said valve to itsopposite position.

9. A valve element adapted for insertion in the flow to aradiatoicomprising a support, a fluid pressure bellows type thermostat`closed at one end and attached to said support at its opposite end, amovable valve externally carried by said closed bellows end, and a shellcarried by said support eX- tending within the bellows and closing itsopen end.

10. The combination with a valve, of a fluid pressure operatedthermostat normally holding the valve open,l means supplying heat to thethermostat in degree almost but not -quite enough to close the valve, asupplemental heater for said thermostat to close the valve, a circuitfor said supplemental heater, and a second fluid pressure thermostat forcontrollingv the circuit of said heater.

11. The combination with a fluid pressure operated bellows typethermostat closed at one end, of a shell Within said thermostat closingthe other end thereof, and an electric heater -within said shell.

12. The combination with a valve, of a iuid pressure operated bellowstype thermostat closed at one end, a shell within said thermostatclosing the other end thereof, an

electric heater within said shell for heating saidthermostat to move thevalve in one direction when heated, and means for controlling the supplyof current to said heater.

v 13. The combination with a valve, of a fluid pressure operated bellowstype thermostat closed at one end,.a shell within said thermostatclosing the other end thereof, an

electric heater within said shell for closing i the movement of saidthermostat.

15. A valve element for a radiator or the like, comprising a supportadapted to be attached to the radiator, a fluid pressure operatedbellows type'thermostat closed at one end and attached to said supportat the opposite end, a movable valve element-carried by said closed end,means closing the other end of said thermostat, and an electric heaterWithin said means.

16. The combination with. a radiator section 'having a projecting boss,of a valve element comprising a support adapted to be attached to saidboss, a fluid pressure oper' ated bellows type thermostat closed at oneend and attached to said support at the opposite end, a movable valveelement carried by said closed end and coperating with a valve seatcarried by said boss, a shell lclosing the other end of. saidthermostat, and

an electric heater carried by said support within said shell forcontrolling said valve. 17. A Huid pressure actuated thermostatcomprising concentric fleXible and rigid walls, and an electric heaternear said rigid Wall for operating said thermostat in one direction.

- In testimony whereof I alix my signaturev in presence of twowitnesses.

n HARRY C. MALLOR'Y. -Witnessesz K. G. LEAnD, J. D. CoNNoLLY, Jr.

